Spain

REPORT/STUDY	SUMMARY	DOCUMENTS INCLUDING WEEE FLOWS/ QUANTITIES
Challenges and Opportunities for the Recovery of Critical Raw Materials from Electronic Waste: The Spanish Perspective	Sustainability Journal, 2023: This study shows the great opportunities for urban mining: 1.4 million tons of metals valued at USD 2.43 billion, representing 80% of the mass and 25% of the price of the primary extraction in Spain. However, the short life of EEE and the low traceability and low recovery of metals, especially critical and precious (94% and 87% of their values are lost, respectively), make it necessary to overcome major challenges to develop a new industry capable of moving toward a deeper circular economy. Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1393; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021393 Author(s): Jorge Torrubia; Alicia Valero; Antonio Valero; and Anthony Lejuez.
Derecho a reparar. Construyendo una economía circular. Diez medidas para impulsar la reparación y reutilización en España. (Right to repair. Building a circular economy. Ten measures to promote repair and reuse in Spain)	Cotec, 2022: Decalogue to promote the repair and reuse of electrical and electronic devices as a result of the Working Group on Circular Economy and Right to Repair formed at Cotec in April 2021. The measures included in this document range from offering alternatives to promoting the use and demand of reused materials to promote a green employment system around reuse. Text in Spanish. Translation not available.
Extended Producer Responsibility organisations and their strategic role for Producers	Erion and Sofies, 2021: The study compares the flows of WEEE, waste batteries and accumulators and waste packaging streams in France, Germany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom, providing an overview that highlights the commonalities and noteworthy practices among the EPR organisations of these countries. Author(s): Federico Magalini; Joséphine Courtois; Amba Concheso; Caroline Heinz.
I Annual Recyclia Report. Trends in the WEEE and battery recycling industry in Spain	Recyclia, 2020: Recyclia commissioned Alfi with this initial annual report to better understand the flows and management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and the batteries and battery packs supplying them. Only then will we be able to harness the opportunity that this knowledge provide in facilitating the rollout of a sustainable production model which reduces the consumption and waste of raw materials, water and energy. The report presents, for the first time ever, the main socio-economic indicators of a sector that has slowly gone from strength to strength.
Holes in the Circular Economy: WEEE Leakage from Europe.A Report of the e-Trash Transparency Project.	Basel Action Network, 2018: The report reveals the findings of a two-year study in 10 EU countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the UK ) that followed 314 old computers, printers, and monitors in which GPS Trackers had been secretly installed to determine the rate and flows of "leakage" from the EU of consumer-generated WEEE. 19 (6%) of the tracked scrap equipment was exported to the countries of Ghana, Hong Kong, Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania, Thailand, and Ukraine, outside of the EU; the flows discovered, if extrapolated, would total 352,474 metric tonnes per annum, moving from the EU to developing countries. Author(s): Jim Puckett; Chris Brandt; and Hayley Palmer.
Estudio del sobrecoste administrativo de la normativa de residuos. (Study of the administrative overrun of waste regulations)	Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros Industriales de Cataluña, 2017: The main objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the economic cost overrun that implies, beyond the common industrial regulations, the correct compliance with specific environmental regulations for a waste manager, dealer or transporter, both to analyze its impact on the potential of material recovery as to demonstrate the competitive disadvantage regarding clandestine activities. Text in Spanish. Translation not available
Estudio sobre los impactos socio-económicos y ambientales de la valorización energética de los residuos urbanos en España y Andorra (Study on the socio-economic and environmental impacts of the energy recovery of urban waste in Spain and Andorra)	AEVERSU by G-Advisory Garrigues Group, 2015: This study aims to present an updated view of the energy recovery from urban waste in Spain and Andorra, as well as the opportunities for the waste management sector in line with the spread of its application. Text in Spanish. Translation not available